I am alone :: essays research papers

I am alone In the speech â€Å"I am alone† by Cochise, a Native American leader address to the white people for peace. The story goes back when the Native Americans (Chiricahua tribe) owned the land in the western part of the United States known as Apache land. First the Mexicans came across their land and try to over-rule them in which resulted the Mexican War. The war lasted years and the Natives eventually overcame the Mexicans. After the Mexican War then came the Europeans who sailed across the Pacific Ocean and landed on the Apache land. At first the Europeans make friends with the Natives then the Europeans turned against them and falsely accused Cochise of kidnapping a white child. The captured of Cochise made the Natives furious and brought tension on the Europeans. In 1861 the conflict between the Natives and the Europeans begins in which caused war. The Europeans were too much to handle for the Natives; they brought many troops across the sea to fight the Indians and eventually overcame them. Many Natives and Europeans were killed in the war, the Natives were forced to give up their land and be transferred to a reservation far from Apache. It was 1871 when the Natives seek peace with the Europeans; they send Cochise to address peace with the Europeans and negotiated a new treaty which allowed the remaining Natives to stay in Apache.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the reading it sounds like the Chiricahua tribes were gullible and compassionate. The Natives were gullible because they assume the Europeans come to Apache for visit or to make friends with them. After the horrible tragedy with the Spanish the Natives should have attacked all the intruders that came across on their land instead of befriending the Europeans and ending up loosing their territories to the Europeans. I am alone :: essays research papers I am alone In the speech â€Å"I am alone† by Cochise, a Native American leader address to the white people for peace. The story goes back when the Native Americans (Chiricahua tribe) owned the land in the western part of the United States known as Apache land. First the Mexicans came across their land and try to over-rule them in which resulted the Mexican War. The war lasted years and the Natives eventually overcame the Mexicans. After the Mexican War then came the Europeans who sailed across the Pacific Ocean and landed on the Apache land. At first the Europeans make friends with the Natives then the Europeans turned against them and falsely accused Cochise of kidnapping a white child. The captured of Cochise made the Natives furious and brought tension on the Europeans. In 1861 the conflict between the Natives and the Europeans begins in which caused war. The Europeans were too much to handle for the Natives; they brought many troops across the sea to fight the Indians and eventually overcame them. Many Natives and Europeans were killed in the war, the Natives were forced to give up their land and be transferred to a reservation far from Apache. It was 1871 when the Natives seek peace with the Europeans; they send Cochise to address peace with the Europeans and negotiated a new treaty which allowed the remaining Natives to stay in Apache.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the reading it sounds like the Chiricahua tribes were gullible and compassionate. The Natives were gullible because they assume the Europeans come to Apache for visit or to make friends with them. After the horrible tragedy with the Spanish the Natives should have attacked all the intruders that came across on their land instead of befriending the Europeans and ending up loosing their territories to the Europeans.

Democracy in the United States and Great Britain Essay

Although the need for government to have leadership that provides direction is universal among states, the form that the government leadership assumes varies. Government structure varies significantly between the United States and Great Britain, despite that each is a democracy and share a common history. In fact, the common history of the United States and Great Britain suggests reasons to explain the broad differences between the governments of each respective state. In the wake of the American Revolution, the people of the United States rejected the forms and institutions, most notably a monarchy and Parliament, of British government as well as British sovereignty. Possessing a democratic presidential government, the United States has two separately elected agencies of government. The executive and legislative branches of the United States, the President and Congress, respectively, both derive their power from the people, whereas in Great Britain only the legislative branch, Parliament, derives its power from the people, as the executive is elected by Members of Parliament, thus effectively combining both branches within a single institution. The Parliamentary system in Great Britain and the Presidential system in the United States both have histories marked by an absence of abject failure, yet neither system can be considered truly perfect. Consequently, the analyst cannot conclude that either system is better; rather, he must recognize that there are merits and faults in both systems. The Parliamentary system tends to legislate efficiently, whereas a presidential system tends toward gridlock. However, the presidential system grants both elected representatives and citizens greater influence in government. The Parliamentary system tends to favor Prime Ministers who have much experience, whereas the Presidential system favors Presidents who are responsive to the general will of the people. Also every week the British prime minister appears before the House of Commons and must answer questions put to him or her by the members of Parliament. Sometimes it is suggested that the president of the United States should be subject to similar questioning by members of Congress, as a way of encouraging closer interaction between president and Congress. If the president did so, however, it would be his or her choice; the president is elected directly by the people and is answerable to the voters rather than the legislature. Whereas the prime minister has no choice because he or she is a member of Parliament and is directly accountable to that body. Herein lies a very basic difference between the presidential system of government as it exists in the United States and the parliamentary system that has evolved in Great Britain. Another point is that the framers of the U.S. Constitution adopted the principle first enunciated by the Baron de Montesquieu of separation of powers. They carefully spelled out the independence of the three branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial. At the same time, however, they provided for a system in which some powers should be shared: Congress may pass laws, but the president can veto them; the president nominates certain public officials, but Congress must approve the appointments; and laws passed by Congress as well as executive actions are subject to judicial review. Thus the separation of powers is offset by what are sometimes called checks and balances. In a parliamentary system, by contrast, the legislature holds supreme power. The prime minister is chosen by members of the legislature (Parliament) from among their own number and in practice is the leader of the majority party in the legislature. The cabinet members must also belong to the legislature, where they are subject to the same kind of questioning that the prime minister experiences. If the prime minister loses the support of the majority in the legislature on a significant vote, he or she must resign, and elections are called immediately. Thus, whereas in the United States, elections are held at fixed intervals, in Britain and other parliamentary countries, they may occur at any time, the only restriction being (in  Britain) that they must be held at least once every five years. In Conclusion, the governments of Great Britain and the United States of America have many differences, they are, at the core, provides leadership and direction to their nation.

Being The Baby Of The Family - 1712 Words

Being the baby of the family seems to automatically qualify me to be unaware of what the real world is all about and the responsibilities of being an adult. For years I take insults my older sister, Jessica who is now twenty-three, would tell me because what she said was nothing but the truth. Like Jessica, my father, Fernando, also nagged me about getting employed. Only my mother, Bertha, supported me in not getting a job and rather focus fully on academics. Anger began to accumulate within me until one day I simply could not support it anymore. Clearly to them I was a burden, which gave me that extra inner fire to call and make my first ever job interview happen. Even with a job, though, all the badgering would not seize. Lets start from the beginning, where everything truly began. Years back Jessica began to rebel like any other teen, never ending well. Seeing my parents suffer because of her made me realize that I did not - would not - put them in that kind of situation. At a young age I began to act mature, responsible even, but it seemed like a funny joke to them. Only at nine years of age I began to clean the house, cook dinner, and still keep up with homework. Truthfully, I knew nothing about the adult problems, still did not make me naà ¯ve about what was to come in my later years. â€Å"Vanessa, Jessica come sit down please. I want to tell you girls something,† my father yelled at us from the kitchen. Jessica replied, â€Å"What do you want?† Unpleased with the tone sheShow MoreRelatedRacism Destroys A Family, Desiree s Baby864 Words   |  4 PagesDestroys a Family Dà ©sirà ©e s Baby How can racism and arrogance destroy a whole family? In the short story Dà ©sirà ©e s Baby written by Kate Chopin reflects on how racism played a huge role before the American Civil War. Dà ©sirà ©e was abandoned by her family when she was young and was adopted by, Madame Valmonde, a rich white family. One day Armand Aubigny was passing when he saw Dà ©sirà ©e next to a stone pillar, where he falls in love with her instantly . They get married and have a baby boy. AfterRead MoreBaby Girl versus Adoptive Couple Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pagescase, Baby Girl v. Adoptive Couple, in which a child who was partially Cherokee Indian, because of her father, and Hispanic, because of her mother. The adoption of Baby Girl was a difficult one due to the fact that she has an ancestry of Cherokee Indian. Therefore, under the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), the adoption of Baby Girl seemed impossible because Biological Father had the right to have custody of his child, Baby Girl, if he ch ose to. So, the court greatly sees that by giving Baby GirlRead MoreDescription Of Agency, Program And Supervisor1672 Words   |  7 Pagesagency I volunteered and shadowed at is the 30th Airman and Family Readiness Center: United States Air Force, usually referred to as the Family Readiness Center. This agency currently does not have a mission statement, however, the purpose of this agency is to provide a one-stop location for necessary family resources. The resources provided by the Airman and Family Readiness Center include, family events and classes in order to promote family advocacy, military and life counseling, personal and workRead MoreAbortion is the Destruction of a Human Being Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pages Bringing a new baby to this world is the most wonderful feeling ever. Why want to abort a baby? Babies are the most precious things in the world. Most people love babies I know I do, I’m having one of my own and happy to say my baby is coming to this world a nd me becoming a mommy. Abortion shouldn’t be allowed anywhere it’s the worst thing in the world. 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When a woman is pregnant, one of the most common questions that people will ask is, â€Å"Is the baby a boy or a girl?† Parents have the opportunity to find out the sex of the baby beforehand by going through a procedure known as an ultrasound. An ultrasound relies on sound waves to create an image of the baby in the uterus. This safe and painless procedure normally takes place between 18-20 weeks of pregnancy. Thanks to the advancement in our technologyRead MoreDesigning Our Future With Designer Babies1484 Words   |  6 Pages Designing our future with designer babies, many might not know what they are. Designer babies are babies that have their genetic make-up selected for them by their parents and are born to look specific to what the parents chose. It’s a great idea! This is an amazing option to choose for many other reasons than to have a beautiful baby! You can choose the eyes, nose, mouth, and head shape. You can choose the skin color, height, and gender, (yes, you can choose whether or not to have your divaliciousRead MoreThe Neonatal Intensive Care Unit1501 Words   |  7 Pagesdream of having the perfect pr egnancy. A pregnancy that is free of making difficult decisions for mom and baby, no complications with their pregnancy and free from any worries about the health of their newborn baby. All soon to be parents hope that ultimately the will give birth that result in a healthy newborn baby that they will take home to nurture and love. For far too many families this dream is shattered in the delivery room after giving birth. Their awful reality of this situation is suddenlyRead MoreMotherhood and Pregnancy1429 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å" Being a Motherhood is a choice you make every day, to put someone elses happiness and well-being ahead of your own, to teach the hard lessons, to do the right thing even when youre not sure what the right thing is...and to forgive yourself, over and over again, for doing everything wrong.† MMMMM. Being mother is one of the most blessed and the most challenging job in the world. Giving birth to a new life and making it walk through the new wo rld holding its hands showing a good trail makes a motherRead MoreEssay on Babies Movie Analysis721 Words   |  3 Pagesa cheap toy. The same goes for babies, babies from all parts of the world grow up in different societies and cultures. They do have unequal things about their infant worlds, such as having or not having a playground or having little food or a bunch of food. Through all these differences there is still one equal and same objective, to raise the baby so that it can survive in the culture or place it will grow up in. In the movie Babies there are different babies growing up in different cultures

The Capabilities And Limitations Of Intelligence Essay

Topic 1: What are the capabilities and limitations of intelligence in supporting homeland security efforts? Former Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff once said, â€Å"Intelligence analysis lies at the heart of everything we do,† (Blum, 2016). In the post 9/11 world, this seems like common sense. But prior to that horrific day, the world of intelligence was different from the one that law enforcement officers know now. One of the common themes of the assessment of the attack on September 11, 2001 was the lack of communication and information sharing between agencies. In the time prior to 9/11, the lack of ability for information to be shared between agencies was tantamount to crippling. Since the inception of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) agencies have experienced an unprecedented ability to cooperate with other departments in both vertical and horizontal sharing practices, allowing for greater distribution of information, and the ability to ‘paint a better picture’ of intelligence and all of its possibilities. The gathering of intelligence is ke y to operational execution, the process involved in accruing it must be constantly reevaluated in order to maintain effectiveness through collaboration skills across agencies within the US government. The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (PATRIOT) Act was the catalyst of change for the United States and its homeland security practices.Show MoreRelatedCapabilities And Limitations Of Intelligence1249 Words   |  5 PagesCapabilities and Limitations of Intelligence Homeland security works around the clock to provide safety for not just our country, but for the entire world. Over the years there have been constant improvements to homeland security. The capabilities of intelligence gathering have been bolstered by the numerous agencies at different levels of our government, coordination between agencies, and even the very strategy used to analyze the data. Fusion centers were created to improve the efficiency of theRead MoreThe Capabilities And Limitations Of Intelligence1917 Words   |  8 PagesWhat are the capabilities and limitations of intelligence in supporting homeland security efforts? The United States national security to be successful depends on collecting vital intelligence to help prevent potential threat. For government officials to gather important information involves agencies from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (DNI). U.S. Intelligence Community which is under the DNI is a coalition of 17 agencies and organizations, including the ODNI, within the ExecutiveRead MoreCapabilities And Limitations Of The Ic Hls System Of Theu.s.1735 Words   |  7 PagesCAPABILITIES LIMITATIONS OF THE IC HLS SYSTEM OF THE U.S. During the last fifty years, the global community has made extraordinary advancements in technology, public health, and human rights. The launching of the first satellite into orbit, creating new tools to combat infectious diseases, and expanding basic global human rights through treaties, protective actions, and billions of dollars in aid, have paved the way for coming generations to continually build a positive future. However, developmentsRead MoreIntelligence, Terrorism, And Terrorism1481 Words   |  6 Pages It was apparent that the attacks of September 11, 2001 were lack of intelligence. Since then, the U.S. has given great emphasis of intelligence to prevent terrorist events such as 9/11 from happening again. Homeland security has emplaced variety of efforts in order for the U.S. to address safety and security issues as well as in addressing the ever-growing threats of terrorism both physical and cyber. Gathering intelligence is vital in preventing and responding to acts of terrorism and otherRead MoreIntelligence And The Homeland Security1205 Words   |  5 PagesPaper 1: What are the capabilities and limitations of intelligence in supporting homeland security efforts? While the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is one, centralized agency, securing the homeland involves the cooperation and collaboration of many, different agencies and organizations ranging from local law enforcement to national agencies such as the NSA, CIA, and FBI. Each of these agencies contributes to the development of homeland security intelligence. By carefully analyzing andRead MoreIntelligence Sharing And The Capabilities Of The Homeland Security Enterprise Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesIntelligence Sharing and the Capability of the Homeland Security Enterprise What are the capabilities and limitations of intelligence in supporting homeland security efforts? Since the deadly terror attacks of 9/11, intelligence gathering for homeland security has improved immensely. One of the most important developments in our law-enforcement structure that has enhanced our intelligence is the creation of fusion centers. 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The following paper will highlight the intelligence agencies of the Federal government as well as state and local agencies that make up the intelligence community. Within these entities are programs that develop intelligence for use in protecting the homeland as wellRead MoreTransformational Leadership Style For Producing Positive Changes And Strengthening Organizations982 Words   |  4 Pagesorganization. Organizational commitment results from employees being satisfied and devoted to the vision of the company. Another important tra it of a transformational leader is emotional intelligence. It is necessary in relationship building and managing emotions in situations. Recognizing the limitations of transformational leadership and understanding the assets of various leadership styles will help a leader determine which style is most suitable for the occasion. 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King Sejong The Everlasting Light Of Korea - 1461 Words

King Sejong, the everlasting light of Korea, the greatest King of all Korea. Considered one of the greatest kings in Korean history, Sejong invented Hangul, the Korean alphabet. While King Sejong was in throne, the Joseon Dynasty enjoyed the most fortunate and happy age ever. There were many reasons as to why King Sejong created the great country of today which is korea. Many sources say that due to the sorrow of the loss of his beloved father, King Taejong, in which it is he who found the Joseon Dynasty, that King Sejong was able to create the laws upon law, medical science discoveries, and even hangul, the korean alphabet. Other sources say that because of his love for the people and his country that he made these wonderful discoveries.†¦show more content†¦King Sejong, according to â€Å"the Cultural work of Sejong the Great, (Gari Ledyard)† there is very little knowledge about king Sejong early life and his education according to â€Å"King Sejong the Great (the Everlasting Light of Korea)†, since early childhood, sejong had always loved to read. Once he had a book, he would read it again a hundred times, and some books, such as chwajon (a biography by Tso Chu-ming) and Chosa (Ode of Lamentations by Kulwon), he read over two hundred times until he had learned them by heart. Seeing his son’s devotion to reading and study, King Taejong grew anxious for his health and forbade him to read during the night. When his reading continued, King Taejong sent an attendant to confiscate and hide all the books in his room. Disheartened, King Sejong began to search, and found one book that has escaped the attendant’s notice called Kuso Sugan (Ou-Su’ letters) lying behind a screen. Overcome with joy he picked it up and proceeded to read it several hundred times. When he learned of this, his father King Taejong said,†why do you let your body suffer so, as if you were a scholar preparing for the state examination?† Eve n so King Sejong’s desire to learn grew even stronger when he became king and began to attend the Kyong-yon, where he learned and discussed Confucian classics and historical texts with the country’s most

The Impact of Donor Funding on Nra- Sierra Leone Free Essays

INTRODUCTION The act of the National Revenue Authority came into being on 13 September 2002. The National Revenue Authority has a mandate to administer and collect all taxes, revenues and all penalties as stated in the NRA act. The purpose of the National Revenue Authority is to serve as a central body for the collection and assessment of national revenue. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Donor Funding on Nra- Sierra Leone or any similar topic only for you Order Now The implementation procedures and policies by the National Revenue Authority will ensure that revenues are collected efficiently by enforcing specified laws through the provision of robust administration. However, the capacity of the NRA was inadequate to efficiently perform its mandates and mobilize the revenue needed for the socio-economic development. Against this background, several donor organizations including Dfid opted to support the capacity building drive of the NRA. This study focuses on Dfid as one of the major donors supporting the NRA. I will attempt to analyze the impact of Dfid intervention in NRA, with specific focus on staff capacity and revenue mobilization. IMPACT OF DONOR FUNDING ON THE OPERATION OF NATIONAL RENVENUE AUTHORITY With Dfid funding in July 2009, to strengthen the performance of NRA through ensuring compliance with international trade agreements, improving business processes and developing staff capabilities. Crown Agents was contracted to provide technical assistance to the National Revenue Authority (NRA) in the Modernization Plan to target a benchmark wherein the institution (NRA) transforms into modern and effective medium through which to secure vital state revenues and to ensure that the newly implemented Goods and Services Tax (GST) is viable and robust wherein NRA will have in place effective compliance management procedures. This reform program has designed to deliver efficient and equitable customs and tax administration procedures to target international practice. Through its continuing support program to NRA, the Department for International Development (Dfid) has pledge its assurance to achieve the overarching poverty alleviation and the reduction of dependency on foreign aid through the effective collection of revenue which has gradually increase domestic revenue to build the nation from 65% dependency on foreign donors in 2000 to 40% in 2010. The modernization program carried out by crown agent sponsored by Dfid encompassing the following areas: ? Integrated Revenue Management Program- This area focuses on Customs Modernization, Administrative Reform on Domestic Taxes, and the Implementation of Goods and Services Tax (GST). It also looks at the review of laws, procedures and structures to bring them in line with International best practice and to improve NRA’s revenue collection base. This modernization component will involve capacity building in improving taxpayers audit and compliance management and assist in the establishment of a new Domestic Taxes Department that will merge GST and Direct Tax operations. Human Resource and Institutional Development Program- This modernization program is aimed at developing the human and institutional resource base of NRA by equipping it with modern performance management systems and procedures. Information systems should be enhanced under this program, change management strategies and improved monitoring and evaluation systems throughout the organization. ? Taxpayer Information and Educational Program- This modernization program is aimed at changing the taxpaying culture in Sierra Leone through better information to the public and by assisting individual taxpayers to understand their tax obligations. Consolidation of the Strategic Management Program- This modernization program focuses on the development of the NRA’s Strategic Management capacity and institutional footprint with international procedures and policies. Having gone through this modernization program, Dfid contracted another agency known as United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in the provision of ASYCUDA to: ? Abolish the bureaucracy and administrative hard work for both the business community and NRA. ? Reduce the time used in processing and clearing of imported consignments under the previous manual system. Reduce revenue leakages and increases the collection of revenue ? Create transparency in the Customs administration of imports and exports departments in Sierra Leone. ? Assists the Customs Officers in providing consistent, fair and equitable treatment of all traders in applying the legal and regulatory framework ? Create equality and fairness among traders about response service and obligations. ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF DONOR FUNDING ON THE OPERATION OF NATIONAL RENVENUE AUTHORITY Having looked at the impact of donor funding on the operations of National Revenue Authority (NRA). Their involvement in developmental activities in strengthening the performance of NRA through ensuring compliance with international trade agreements is far yet to be achieved base on the modernization plan, but having said this, progress is on the way which has created an impact on the operations of the institution. Analyzing further, as to what the donor funds have done in the operation of National Revenue Authority may be highlighted below. ? Enable senior management to focus on the â€Å"strategic† issues, which will inevitably arise within individual Program and the overall Plan itself, leaving tactical decisions to middle managers. Minimize leakage and other revenue losses by reducing discretion, curbing smuggling, and instituting systems and control. ? Increase revenue collection by improving on the efficiency of the current revenue administration and then expand the revenue base by tapping into new taxpayers, facilitate trade, take advantage of opportunities and deal w ith challenges in the revenue administration environment. ? Reduce existing arrears to 5% using persuasion where necessary or litigation ? Improved and enhanced tax administration by computerization of operational and administration system. Develop and implement a robust monitoring and evaluation system ? Effectively monitor and control bonded warehouses to ensure compliance with laws and regulations, and verify inventories and internal controls on a quarterly basis. National Revenue Authority benefiting from donor partners has created an impetus on its operations. Therefore, having implemented all the modernization plans will help NRA to increase their revenue collection base by strengthening the capacity of staffs. The introduction of GST under the integrated management program as one of the modernization plan has help NRA to increase the Domestic Revenue which has reduced the dependency of foreign donors in our economy. The launching of ASYCUDA will reduce the bureaucratic and administrative work on both NRA and the community in reducing the time spent on processing and clearing of imported consignments under the previous manual system. ASYCUDA will reduce revenue leakages and increase revenue collection and transparency in the Customs administration of imports and exports departments in Sierra Leone. CONCLUSION Donor funding has increasingly affected the operation of National Revenue Authority in diverse ways and as a result, to that, revenue generation has increase tremendously, which has reduced the dependency on foreign donors. Modernization plan is a funded program by Dfid but contracted Crown Agent in the implementation of the plans and they further contracted UNCTAD in the provision of ASYCUDA in reducing revenue leakages and the increases revenue base. It further reduced the bureaucratic and administrative work on both NRA and the community. References: Revenue and tax Policy Unit- MOFED Modernization Unit- NRA Website How to cite The Impact of Donor Funding on Nra- Sierra Leone, Papers

Authentic Learning for Young Gifted Children

Question: Describe about the Authentic Learning for Young Gifted Children. Answer: Context: According to (Gulikers, Bastiaens and Martens, 2005), the teachings regarding the authentic learning environment leads to larger performance and also helps in improving the intrinsic motivation of the students. Authentic learning environment offers a platform for the students to grow their knowledge and skills that would be useful in their life. According to (Reid and Romanoff, 2016), in the extensive Mecklenburg school, thousands of children are identified as gifted and are also tackling the real world problems. The reflective and authentic performances assessments are done by the teachers, students and community members in order to show the students that they understand truly. The gifted students have extraordinary problem solving skills in intelligences. The formats for gifted program are widely varied at 83 elementary schools. Early identification along with intervention is necessary for their growth and development. There is no formal consensus on the definition of young gifted children (Sternberg Davidson, 2005), yet there are some traits that all young gifted children share with. Young gifted children usually display significant advancement in various domains such as superior memory, creativity, strong reasoning, strong visual-spatial capacity, early language and intensive vocabulary, vivid imagination, independent investigations, desire to search for personal identity and social connections, capacity of analysis, synthesis and evaluation by using higher order thinking (Gardner; 1999; Harrison, 2004) though a single gifted child may not demonstrate all of these characteristics. They tend to display great curiosity and a variety of interests with an inquisitive mind to learn and to explore. They show strong analytical and meta-cognitive skills, enjoying problem solving, preferring complex tasks, and actively engaging in planning, monitoring and evaluating in the learning process (Steiner Carr, 2003; Kanevsky, 2011). As per the research undertaken by Adel son, McCoach, Gavin (2012), the set of courses and the instructional changes that are depicted in this case helps in modifications with emphasizing on the steps which are undertaken for the purpose of employing the open-ended problems for the purpose of creating the initial stimulus for the purpose of learning. The effectiveness seems to be developed with focusing on the field testing related to the student creativity and productivity, personal and social development of student and the students self-efficacy (Sousa, D., 2009). Authentic learning will allow the students experiment themselves and giving an opportunity to fulfil their curiosity. All this poses a challenge to the teaching practices in the traditional classroom where students play a passive role and focus on abstract and decontextualized concepts of little apparent relevance, (Hill Smith 2005,p. 22) and where limited opportunities are provided for the children to plan their learning activities, to collaborate with team members and to reflect on their own learning process. Students are not reduced to mere collectors of facts and procedures, but actively construct knowledge connected to the real-world matters and problems of their interest (Eiserman, Lai, Rushton, 2015). In the authentic activities, learners are given opportunities to collaborate with their team members, develop higher-order thinking skills, apply interdisciplinary knowledge to produce beyond domain-specific learning outcomes, integrate assessments and reflections seamlessly within the learning activities, use different resources and view the tasks form different perspectives, which can lead to competing solutions and diversified outcomes(Herrington, et al. 2002). As refined and further developed by Hill and Smith (2005), the Theory of Authentic Learning is characteristic of 10 linked factors: mediation, embodiment, distribution, situations, motivation, multiple illiteracies, identity, career planning, human relationships and teac hing attitudes. In such an environment, culture, cognitive and affective, context and collaboration are interrelated; curriculum, instruction and assessment interact with each other and teachers guide students and create for them a variety of authentic learning opportunities to connect them to the complex real world (Kuo, Maker, Su, Hu, 2010). As per the analysis made by the Van Tassel-Baska, Feng, Evans, (2007), depicts the changes of various perceptions which are depicted for monitoring the gifted programs in order to create an open world. The numerous dynamic tests are created in this research for specifying the aspects of the particular curriculum and the non verbal tasks for the establishment of cognitive changing ability is generated in order to increase the general capacity of the students (VanTassel-Baska, Feng, Evans, 2007). Purpose and Research Questions: The purpose of the study is to explore authentic learning approach applied for the education of young gifted children. The research questions are as follows: What are the needs of the young gifted children? What curriculum design can be adopted to help to satisfy the needs of these young gifted children? How does authentic learning theory function to meet the needs of the young gifted children and the corresponding curriculum design? Theoretical Framework A constructivist epistemology will be applied to view learning as an active process in which students are engaged in the construction of meaning and knowledge in the authentic learning environment and teachers foster motivated students with developmental appropriate curricular and provision for the young gifted children. Essay Page 2 Methodologies Qualitative methodologies will be applied to the research of exploring the topic of authentic learning for the young gifted children in depth and in detail and to benefit from the fruitfulness and often greater depth of understanding we can derive from qualitative procedures. (Berg, 2007, p2). A portfolio of two models will be established based on an extensive literature review and further modified based on on-going research observations and results to address two interrelated aspects of the research: an authentic learning model and a teacher development model. The 10 linked factors from the Theory of Authentic Learning by Hill and Smith (2005) will be incorporated into the authentic learning model and the hermeneutics method will be applied to further reframe it in the context of the young gifted children. Two classes of gifted children from 5-6 years old as well as their teachers will form the exemplars of the research. Triangulation will be applied by multiple stakeholders, data a nd methodological sources to achieve credibility and confirm ability of the date collected. The evidence can be teacher observation and notes in classes, research team participant observation, videotapes of students, in-depth interview with teachers and students, a survey with parents, student products, student weekly reports, and peer/self evaluation questionnaires. The teachers participation will be documented and evaluated, which will provide feedback to the teacher development model to strengthen their skills so as to ensure dependability and transferability of the data and research(VanTassel-Baska, 2013). The research project is viewed from a developmental perspective; the teacher acts like the action researcher and all stakeholders feedback will be incorporated into the two models on an on-going basis to build up developmental appropriate practices. Due to the young age of the research subjects, the research will be conducted under a full ethical review. The researcher will collect information and data from the teachers, people of school boards and principals. The researcher will conduct interview with them in order to determine and analyze their perspectives and perception towards Authentic learning for the young children (Flick, 2009). With the help of qualitative analysis, the researcher will be able to understand their views towards Authentic learning for young children as well as the necessary steps that has been taken for the development of authentic learning (Myers, G, T., 2016). It will also help to evaluate the learning model and teacher development model that will be adopted for the development of young gifted children. The research will apply discursive approach to explore their efficiency level while interacting with the participants. The focus of the strategy will vary from the use of language at micro level to social processes, practices and experiences of the participants at the macro level. The discursive research wil l help to determine the language and culture of the participants which is important during the interview process (Scruggs and Mastropieri, 2006). The documentary analysis is the social research method which is an important tool for research to analyze and interpret information and data. The information and data collected from the participants will be analyzed with the help of documentary analysis. The interview process will help to gather data and information about teacher development model and authentic learning model (ihmgwalior, 2016). Contribution to Advancement of Knowledge: Authentic learning approach provides an effective and efficient solution to address the concerns and characteristics of the education of the young gifted children. Authentic learning has been addressed in the settings of higher education, secondary education, and technology education and for children with academic abilities at the lower end of the spectrum, yet very little empirical ( Note: Is it suitable to use this word if I use qualitative methodology in this research?) or theoretical research has been conducted in the field of giftedness education(Williams, 2009). And up till now no research has been done regarding how the authentic learning approach functions in the setting of young gifted children, which makes this study a pioneer in the research area, endowing it with far reaching meanings and significance. Background and Experience: As a first year PhD student, I am currently taking courses such as Curriculum Design with my supervisor, whose expertise and research strength include qualitative methodology, theory of authentic learning, multiple intelligences, problem/project-based learning and curriculum theory and development. I have a diversified, multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary background in both the academic and professional domains at the higher level in education, language and literature, management, project management, culture and technology with several Masters degrees and working experiences in the federal government and educational sectors. My experience of being a gifted student myself and mom of a young gifted child also provides me with some insight and perceptions in the research area. The researcher will conduct documentary analysis and data collection process in order to determine and evaluate the research topic. Bibliography and Citations Adelson, J., McCoach, D., Gavin, M. (2012). Examining the Effects of Gifted Programming in Mathematics and Reading Using the ECLS-K.Gifted Child Quarterly,56(1), 25-39. Al-Hroub, A. (2011). 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